{"id":"68acb181994e","type":"article","url":"https://hartvaat.nl/2026/02/25/pyelonefritis-verlaagt-serumcholesterol-en-remt-atherosclerose-ondanks-systemisc/","title":"Pyelonefritis verlaagt serumcholesterol en remt atherosclerose ondanks systemische inflammatie","title_en":"Pyelonephritis decreases serum cholesterol and mitigates atherosclerosis severity despite systemic inflammation.","category":"cholesterol","category_label":"Cholesterol","professions":["internist"],"tags":["cetp-remmers","dyslipidemie","ezetimibe","iga-nefropathie","ldl-cholesterol","lipoproteïne-a","pcsk9-remmers","pelacarsen"],"journal":"American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology","doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00914.2025","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00914.2025","authors":["Lena Possenriede","Georg W Sendtner","Peyman Falahat","Uta Scheidt","Julia Miranda","Jessica Schmitz","Jan Hinrich Bräsen","Sibylle von Vietinghoff"],"significance":3,"published":"2026-02-25","source_date":"2026-02-25","image":"","kennis":["https://hartvaat.nl/kennis/lipiden/ldl-cholesterol-mechanisme/","https://hartvaat.nl/kennis/lipiden/hdl-functie-en-reverse-cholesterol/"],"congress":"","summary_en":"In LDL receptor-deficient mice, pyelonephritis paradoxically lowered serum cholesterol and reduced atherosclerosis despite systemic inflammation, through hepatic PCSK9 downregulation — providing unexpected insights into infection-lipid metabolism interactions.","created":"2026-07-03T10:24:56Z","updated":"2026-07-03T13:24:24Z","licence":"Citeer vrij, met bronvermelding en een link naar hartvaat.nl (de url van het record). Samenvattingen zijn redactioneel werk van HartVaat; de oorspronkelijke publicaties blijven van hun uitgevers (doi). Geen medisch advies.","body_markdown":"In een muismodel met LDL-receptordeficiëntie leidde urineweginfectie verrassend genoeg tot lagere cholesterolwaarden en minder atherosclerose, ondanks uitgesproken systemische inflammatie. Het onderliggende mechanisme omvat PCSK9-downregulatie in de lever, wat nieuwe inzichten geeft in de wisselwerking tussen infectie en lipidenmetabolisme.","abstract_original":"Hypercholesterolemia and inflammation are main causes of cardiovascular disease. Urinary tract infections are common and frequently recur. We here tested how pyelonephritis affects atherosclerotic plaque development and lipid levels. LDL receptor deficient (Ldlr-/-) and wildtype mice were infected with uropathogenic E. coli. Renal and systemic inflammation, lipid levels and atherosclerotic plaque development were assessed. Gene regulation was studied in pyelonephritis and in human cells in vitro. In patients admitted with urinary tract infections, serum lipids and disease severity were studied. Chronic pyelonephritis increased spleen weight, caused anemia, neutrophilia and systemically elevated pro-atherogenic cytokines. Atherosclerotic aortic root lesion size in Ldlr-/- mice tended to be smaller. Decreased serum cholesterol positively associated with systemic neutrophil counts in wildtype and Ldlr-/- mice with chronic pyelonephritis and negatively with Ldlr-/- mice atherosclerotic lesion size. Cholesterol homeostasis and fatty acid metabolism related gene expression changes in the pyelonephritic kidney included known mediators of atherosclerosis, namely Pcsk9, Lipa and Stab2 downregulation and Abca1 and Msr1 upregulation. Magnitude of changes correlated with kidney neutrophil marker expression. Coincubation of human renal tubular epithelium or mononuclear cells with primary neutrophils under inflammatory conditions replicated LIPA and MSR1 regulation. In patients admitted with urinary tract infections, leukocyte counts and inflammation markers C-reactive protein and procalcitonin negatively correlated with serum cholesterol. Our experiments demonstrate depression of serum cholesterol and relative protection against atherosclerotic lesion formation despite severe systemic inflammation in chronic bacterial kidney infection. They introduce regulation of renal cholesterol metabolism by neutrophils as an underlying mechanism."}